ABSTRACT
Pulmonary embolism (PE)remains a major contributor to global disease burden.In recent years,it has made great progress in treatment of PE,including new oral anticoagulant,primary systemic fibrinolysis and cathe-ter-directed techniques,but there are still some remaining areas of uncertainty to be studied.The present article made a review on progress in therapeutic methods of PE in recent years.
ABSTRACT
Pulmonary embolism (PE)remains a major contributor to global disease burden.In recent years,it has made great progress in treatment of PE,including new oral anticoagulant,primary systemic fibrinolysis and cathe-ter-directed techniques,but there are still some remaining areas of uncertainty to be studied.The present article made a review on progress in therapeutic methods of PE in recent years.
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Objective To analyze the bibliometry of the literature of acupoint thread-embedding in treating simple obesity, and to provide references for clinic.Method By both computer and manual retrieval, the relevant literatures over the past 30 years were collected from the Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CJFD), Vip database, WanFang database. By using the SPSS 17.0 software for statistical analysis, the distribution (province or city), publication year, and journal of the literatures, supporting fund, sample size, research method, material of the thread, use frequency of the involved acupoints, and the meridians of the selected acupoints were summarized.Result The included eligible 175 articles were distributed over many provinces and cities; the publication amount had been increasing year by year; there was a variety of thread materials; the literature with supporting funds only occupied a small percentage, while the research with a small sample size occupied a comparatively large percentage, and the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) also had a small percentage.Conclusion As a common Chinese external therapy in treating simple obesity, acupoint thread-embedding has been paid more and more attention for its practical value and bright future. However, the relevant governmental department hasn’t paid enough attention to this therapy, and the low clinical research quality also makes it difficult to scientifically evaluate its clinical efficacy and safety. Therefore, more attention is required, RCTs of multicenter and large sample size are expected, and clinical research quality also needs improvement, to provide references for clinic.
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The relationship between acupuncture and stress is discussed from three aspects, including is it possible for acupuncture stimulation to be a stressor, whether acupuncture will start stress reaction, and whether acupuncture effects contain some stress factors. It is believed that correct acupuncture manipulation will not cause stress response, however, under some circumstances, such as inaccurate manipulation, improper treatment or patients who are very nervous but do not receive effective intervention, acupuncture is likely to cause stress response. Acupuncture-induced stress response is totally different from acupuncture anti-stress. The possible stress factors in acupuncture effect are explored, which can provide a new angle for the research on action mechanism of acupuncture. From the view of stress to review acupuncture treatment, there are three enlightenments: emphasizing on communication between doctors and patients, avoiding over-pursuit of deqi and focusing on analysis of the body constitution.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Psychology , Qi , Sensation , Stress, PhysiologicalABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the action mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Shenmen" (HT 7) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) on insomnia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group and an EA group, 10 cases in each group. The insomnia model was made by immobilization method in the model group and EA group. After model establishment, rats in the blank group and model group were treated with fixation and no treatment was given. Rats in the EA group were treated with EA at "Shenmen" (HT 7) and "San-yinjiao" (SP 6) for 15 min, once a day for 4 days. After treatment, the level of daytime and nighttime activity, open-arm entry percentage and open-arm time percentage of elevated plus-maze test were measured; the content of noradrenaline (NE), dopamine (DA) and epinephrine (EPI) in plasma and NE, DA in thalamus and brainstem were detected by using euzymelinked immunosorbent assay method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the blank group, the daytime activity was increased and nighttime activity was reduced in the model group (both P<0. 05); the open-arm entry percentage and open-arm time percentage of elevated plus-maze test were both reduced in the model group (both P<0. 05); the contents of NE, DA, EPI in the plasma and NE, DA in thalamus and brainstem were increased in the model group (all P<0. 05). Compared with the model group, the daytime activity was reduced and nighttime activity was increased in the EA group (both P<0. 05); the open-arm entry percentage and open-arm time percentage of elevated plus-maze test were both increased in the EA group (both P<0. 05); the contents of NE, DA, EPI in the plasma and NE, DA in thalamus and brainstem were reduced in the EA group (all P< 0. 05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Electroacupuncture at "Shenmen" (HT 7) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) can restrain the over-activity of the sympathetic-adrenal medullary system to treat the insomnia.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Rats , Acupuncture Points , Adrenal Medulla , Metabolism , Anxiety , Disease Models, Animal , Dopamine , Metabolism , Electroacupuncture , Norepinephrine , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Metabolism , Psychology , Therapeutics , Sympathetic Nervous SystemABSTRACT
Bufonis Venenum is made by toad skin gland secretion after drying. As a kind of Chinese materia medica (CMM), it contains complex chemical composition and has these pharmacological effects: to remove toxic heat, wake up the brain orifices, eliminate the mass, step-down blood pressure, increase myocardial contraction force and coronary artery blood flow, and use for antitumor and anesthesia. It is widely used in diseases in clinic such as cardiovascular, respiratory, facial features, and surgical treatment. While, as toxic CMM, the concentration-response relationship, toxic ingredients, toxic dose, and poisoning mechanism should not be ignored also. The author preliminarily summaries its effects from composition, pharmacological effects and mechanisms, adverse reactions, processing technology, and pharmacokinetics, and provides the references for its further pharmacological study and compound preparation development.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the anti-tumor angiogenesis effect of soluble VEGF receptor fragment by blocking the combination of VEGF and its receptor in vivo and in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>RT-PCR technique was used to amplify Flk-1/KDR fragment from embryo mouse liver, which was recombinated to expression vector pET-28b(+) and retrovirus vector PLXSN, which was induced to be expressed, purified and identified with EcoR I and Hind III. Mouse endothelial cells were separated, cultured and identified by immunocytochemistrical staining using VIII factor-related antigen antibody. The expressed product was analyzed about its effect on endothelial cell's growth in vitro with MTT method. The retrovirus vector was transfected to tumor cell lines S180 and B16 by liposome method to observe the biological specificity in vitro after gene transfection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1000 bp size sVEGFR fragment was amplify from E9, E11 embryo mouse liver tissues, which was recombinated to TA clone vector and identified by sequence analysis. This fragment was cloned to expression vector pET-28b(+), the expressed product was purified and identified correctly. The in vitro study showed this expressed product can effectively inhibit endothelial cell(s), growth and proliferation. The fragment was then cloned to retrovirus vector PLXSN and transfected to tumor cell lines S180 and B16 successfully with RT-PCR and SDS-PAGE. The experiments in vivo showed that the weight of tumor smaller, the size decreased significantly, the microvessel density was fewer and Flk1 protein expression were higher in the group of gene transfection than that of control.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Soluble VEGFR fragment is a kind of effective gene engineer product for anti-tumor angiogenesis gene therapy and the development of anti-tumor drug.</p>